如何应对类风湿性关节炎
虽然女性患类风湿性关节炎的几率高于男性,但任何人都可能患有类风湿性关节炎。类风湿性关节炎通常在中年发病,以老年人最为常见。然而,儿童和青少年也可能患有这种疾病。
常见体征和症状:
- 关节疼痛
- 早上和一段时间不活动后的僵硬
- 关节肿胀
- 弱点
- 疲劳(容易疲劳)
- 关节活动受限
- 功能减少
因此,如果没有得到早期诊断和适当的治疗,它可能会对生活质量造成严重干扰。
康复治疗
目前,尚无一种疗法可以完全治愈RA。但有一些治疗方法可以缓解疼痛并减缓 RA 的活动,从而预防残疾并增强功能能力。
- 联合保护策略:
- 休息和夹板:矫形器和夹板可防止畸形的发展并支撑关节。
- 治疗手套:控制和管理手部疼痛,维持或恢复患者的手部功能,或在心理上帮助佩戴者放松或平静。佩戴治疗手套可以提高手部握力。该手套可以在白天或晚上佩戴。它们由多种材料制成:尼龙、羊毛和弹性纤维。
- 压缩手套:适度关节肿胀,从而减轻疼痛
- 辅助装置和适应性设备:促进日常生活活动的安排(如高架马桶座等)
- 按摩疗法:提高灵活性和福利(维度:抑郁、焦虑、情绪和疼痛)
- 治疗性运动:
- 运动范围和伸展运动:增加关节的活动能力
-
强化:使用轻重量(手握力练习)
对于稳定关节和预防外伤很重要 - 有氧条件练习:提高肌肉耐力和有氧能力,例如:游泳、散步、骑自行车
- 例行日常活动
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